Urge Incontinence

Urge incontinence affects about one in eight adults, and becomes more frequent as we age. It happens when the need to pass urine comes on so suddenly and strongly that it is hard to make it to the toilet in time. It can be triggered by things like hearing running water, getting home and putting the key in the door, or even just thinking about going.

Common causes

Overactive bladder muscle

Irritation/inflammation of the bladder

Neurological conditions like stroke or Parkinson’s

Age-related changes to bladder muscle and nerve control

Constipation

Bladder irritants

Assessment

Bladder diary, noting how often and when leakage occurs

Urine test to rule out infection

Physical check of pelvic floor muscles, prostate, and/or for prolapse

Specialist bladder testing (urodynamics) if the diagnosis is uncertain

Self-help tips

Pelvic floor muscle exercises

Bladder retraining

Drink enough water

Manage constipation and keep active

Empty bladder before bed and reduce evening fluids (e.g., last fluids about 2 hours before bedtime)

Treatment options

Medications: Antimuscarinics or beta-3 agonists to calm the bladder

Nerve stimulation or bladder Botox (for persistent cases)

Treat underlying issues such as urinary tract infection (UTI), constipation, or prolapse

For more information

Speak to your doctor, specialist, continence advisor, or other healthcare professional

Visit the Continence NZ website www.continence.org.nz

Call the Continence Helpline on 0800 650 659. The Helpline can provide information about bladder and bowel control problems, local continence advisors, as well as send you a wide range of free information resources