Faecal Incontinence

Faecal incontinence is more common than many people realise. It’s the accidental leakage of gas, liquid, or solid stool, and can range from light soiling to full loss of control. Sometimes it happens with a strong urge to go but not making it in time; other times it occurs without warning.

Common causes

Anal sphincter or pelvic floor muscle damage

Nerve injury (such as from diabetes or stroke)

Long-term constipation, straining, diarrhoea, or bowel disease

Ageing, immobility, or reduced sensation

Sometimes a hard, impacted stool blocks the rectum, and softer stool leaks around it

Assessment

Review by your GP or nurse

Gentle check of the muscles around the anus

Check for constipation, impaction, or diarrhoea

Further investigations (like stool tests, ultrasound, or specialised bowel pressure testing) if needed

Self-help tips

Keep bowels regular with fibre, water, and staying active

Strengthen anal and pelvic floor muscles

Manage diarrhoea

Cleanse and protect skin

Treatment options

Diet and fluid management

Pelvic health and sphincter physiotherapy

Medication for constipation or diarrhoea

Specialist care if muscle or nerve injury is significant

For more information

Speak to your doctor, specialist, continence advisor, or other healthcare professional

Visit the Continence NZ website www.continence.org.nz

Call the Continence Helpline on 0800 650 659. The Helpline can provide information about bladder and bowel control problems, local continence advisors, as well as send you a wide range of free information resources